HOW DO YOU PROVE SIN^2X + COS^2X = 1? + EXAMPLE
#sin^2 (theta + pi) + cos^2 (theta + pi) = (-sin theta)^2 + (-cos theta)^2 = sin^2 theta + cos^2 theta = 1#
#color(white)()#Pythagoras theorem
Given a right angled triangle with sides #a#, #b# and #c# consider the following diagram:
The area of the large square is #(a+b)^2#
The area of the small, tilted square is #c^2#
The area of each triangle is #1/2ab#
So we have:
#(a+b)^2 = c^2 + 4 * 1/2ab#
That is:
#a^2+2ab+b^2 = c^2+2ab#
Subtract #2ab# from both sides khổng lồ get:
#a^2+b^2 = c^2#
Answer links
Geoff K.
Feb 13, 2017
Use the formula for a circle #(x^2+y^2=r^2)#, và substitute #x=rcostheta# and #y=rsintheta#.
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Explanation:
The formula for a circle centred at the origin is
#x^2+y^2=r^2#
That is, the distance from the origin to lớn any point #(x,y)# on the circle is the radius #r# of the circle.
Picture a circle of radius #r# centred at the origin, và pick a point #(x,y)# on the circle:
graph(x^2+y^2-1)((x-sqrt(3)/2)^2+(y-0.5)^2-0.003)=0 <-2.5, 2.5, -1.25, 1.25>
If we draw a line from that point to lớn the origin, its length is #r#. We can also draw a triangle for that point as follows:
graph(x^2+y^2-1)(y-sqrt(3)x/3)((y-0.25)^4/0.18+(x-sqrt(3)/2)^4/0.000001-0.02)(y^4/0.00001+(x-sqrt(3)/4)^4/2.7-0.01)=0 <-2.5, 2.5, -1.25, 1.25>
Let the angle at the origin be theta (#theta#).
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Now for the trigonometry.
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For an angle #theta# in a right triangle, the trig function #sin theta# is the ratio #"opposite side"/"hypotenuse"#. In our case, the length of the side opposite of #theta# is the #y#-coordinate of our point #(x,y)#, và the hypotenuse is our radius #r#. So:
#sin theta = "opp"/"hyp" = y/r" "" "y=rsintheta#
Similarly, #cos theta# is the ratio of the #x#-coordinate in #(x,y)# to the radius #r#:
#cos theta = "adj"/"hyp"=x/r" "" "x = rcostheta#
So we have #x=rcostheta# và #y=rsintheta#. Substituting these into the circle formula gives
#" "x^2" "+" "y^2" "=r^2##(rcostheta)^2+(rsintheta) ^2 = r^2##r^2cos^2theta + r^2 sin^2 theta = r^2#
The #r^2#"s all cancel, leaving us with
#cos^2 theta + sin^2 theta = 1#
This is often rewritten with the #sin^2# term in front, lượt thích this:
#sin^2 theta + cos^2 theta = 1#
And that"s it. That"s really all there is to it. Just as the distance between the origin và any point #(x,y)# on a circle must be the circle"s radius, the sum of the squared values for #sin theta# & #cos theta# must be 1 for any angle #theta#.
